Country Information
Lesotho is a country in Africa that is entirely landlocked by South Africa. Upon gaining independence on 4 October 1966, the then Basutoland was renamed the Kingdom of Lesotho. An elected government was restored in 1993. The capital of Lesotho is Maseru. The country is a member of the Commonwealth.
The history of Lesotho begins in the 19th century, when Moshoeshoe I unified the Basotho between 1821 and 1823 as a defence against the Lifaqane, a period of chaos and unrest among the indigenous peoples of Southern Africa. The Basotho settled in the Drakensberg Mountains, where, under Moshoeshoe's leadership, they survived the Lifaqane.
They subsequently came into conflict with the Europeans in South Africa, including the British of the Cape Colony and the Boers of the Orange Free State. Following three Basotho wars with the Orange Free State, Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom accepted a request from Moshoeshoe in 1868 to place his country under British protection.
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Basutoland was annexed by the Cape Colony, but following a successful uprising by the Basotho during the Gun War in 1884, it was proclaimed a separate Crown Colony. On 4 October 1966, the Kingdom of Lesotho gained independence.
Geography
Lesotho is a landlocked country. It is the only independent state in the world that lies entirely above 1,000m. Its lowest point is at 1,400m and 80 per cent of the country lies above 1,800m. The climate is temperate with dry winters and hot, wet summers. The topography is mostly highland with plateaus and mountains, the highest point being Mount Thabana Ntlenyana at 3,482m.
Climate
As the country is situated in the southern hemisphere, the seasons are the opposite of those in the Netherlands and Belgium. Due to the country’s high altitude, the temperature is generally moderately warm. In winter, between June and August, it gets quite cold and snow can fall in the eastern parts of the country. The country enjoys around 300 days of sunshine a year. In the summer months, between November and March, the temperature can be described as hot. Due to the high altitude, temperatures can easily reach extremes, ranging from -15 degrees in winter to 30 degrees in summer. The average temperature in Lesotho’s capital, Maseru, is 15 degrees. In the high mountains, snow is possible all year round. Around 85% of the rainfall falls during the summer months.
Religion
90% of the population are Christian (Catholic 45%, African Christian 26%, Protestant 19%). The remaining 10% of the population are Muslims, Hindus, Buddhists and Baha’is
Source: Wikipedia
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